Fayoum University; Faculty of Archaeology
Shedet
2356-8704
6
6
2019
12
01
Two middle kingdom stelae of nn-RN=F and SNBJ in the Egyptian museum Cairo (CGC 20524-20521)
1
18
88276
10.21608/shedet.006.01
EN
Ibrahim
ABD EL SATTAR
Faculty of Archaeology, Fayoum University Egypt
https://orcid.org/00
Journal Article
2020
05
10
<strong>The aim of this paper is to publish and study two Abydos stelae preserved now in the magazine of the Middle Kingdom in the Egyptian Museum in Cairo under the numbers (CGC 20524 and 20521), with discussion of the meaning of their names and titles. Furthermore, it aims to transcribe, translate, and comment on their epigraphical features. The first stela belongs to a person named Nn-rn⸗f and his brother ©wj. While the second is a stela of ¤nbj son of Ibj. The artistic style, the orthographic and paleographic features suggest a dating to the beginning of the Twelfth Dynasty for the stela of Nn-rn⸗f (the reign of Senowsret I), while the style and the epigraphical features of the stela of ¤nbj are typical of the Late Twelfth Dynasty or the Early Thirteenth Dynasty.</strong>
https://shedet.journals.ekb.eg/article_88276_452a093497a9f08069558936afee7319.pdf
Fayoum University; Faculty of Archaeology
Shedet
2356-8704
6
6
2019
12
01
THE STELA OF NES-HOR FROM AKHMIM CG 22142
19
35
88277
10.21608/shedet.006.02
EN
Ali
ABDELHALIM
Journal Article
2020
05
10
The aim of this article is to publish and study the stela of Nes-Hor, found at Akhmim and currently stored in the Egyptian Museum Cairo. It contains an important version of the solar hymn BD 15. The columns of texts are arranged in a unique way. In addition to translation and textual analysis, the present study provides a commentary on the content, palaeography and philology of the texts. A genealogical notice will contribute to the understanding of the community of Akhmim during the Greco-Roman Period.
https://shedet.journals.ekb.eg/article_88277_85cc9910977d976e43b46ce01e7bf29a.pdf
Fayoum University; Faculty of Archaeology
Shedet
2356-8704
6
6
2019
12
01
Two blocks from the excavations of Cairo University in Heliopolis kept at the museum of the Faculty of Archeology, Cairo University
36
57
88278
10.21608/shedet.006.03
EN
Hayam H.
RAWASH
Faculty of Archaeology, Cairo University, Egypt
Journal Article
2020
05
10
<strong>This article publishes two blocks from Heliopolis, discovered during the Faculty of Archaeology's excavations at the ancient Egyptian city of Ounû to the northeast of Cairo, The area is currently known as Tell el-Hisn or Arab el-Hisn. The two blocks are stored at the Museum of the Faculty of Archaeology, Cairo University.<br />1. The Block of Ramesses II: A rectangular block with a finely engraved scene depicts a figure of the Nile-god Hapy in a kneeling posture, lifting on his hands a flat offering-table presenting to the cartouche of Ramesses II. On his head, there is a symbol of an unknown district. The offering table is laden with a heap of offerings consisting of bread, birds of the marshes, and papyrus plants. The block has three registers of hieroglyphic texts.<br />2. The Block of Ramesses V: A rectangular block depicts a scene of a destroyed figure of the king Ramesses V crowned with the blue diadem and uraeus, kneeling and doing fumigation and libation before a seated baboon, the sacred-figure of the god Thot. The latter, is represented in the form of a seated baboon wearing the necklace of Ma'at with a headdress, consisting of the lunar disk on top of a crescent moon. The scene is accompanied with three cartouches and a short hieroglyphic texts.</strong>
https://shedet.journals.ekb.eg/article_88278_902da35004182236e23f479b129f7d38.pdf
Fayoum University; Faculty of Archaeology
Shedet
2356-8704
6
6
2019
12
01
The Knot in Examples of Religious Texts
58
73
88280
10.21608/shedet.006.04
EN
Rania Abdel Aziz
MAHMOUD
Journal Article
2020
05
10
<strong>The knot was one of the most important symbols in ancient Egyptian texts, including the Pyramid texts, coffin texts or the Book of the Dead. This paper looks closely at the knot in Ancient Egyptian texts. It signified a symbol of life, flourish and sovereignty in the pyramid and coffin texts as well as The Book of the Dead. It also represents a symbol for the beginnings of life in the doctrines of creation in Ancient Egyptian believe. It appears in solar myths symbolizing the light of the sun and its daily cycle. For these reasons, the knot was used in amulets as a symbol of protection and conservation of the body.<br /></strong>
https://shedet.journals.ekb.eg/article_88280_32e2278a50ef8bec7e90c812c90dd105.pdf
Fayoum University; Faculty of Archaeology
Shedet
2356-8704
6
6
2019
12
01
Angels in Coptic tradition
74
91
88281
10.21608/shedet.006.05
EN
Ibrahim
SAWEROS
Journal Article
2020
05
10
<strong>This article begins with a general overview of Coptic Angelology. I give special attention to the accompanying angel, the angels of the altar and then to the archangels Michael and Gabriel. The tasks of the angelic figures were studied in detail. I also use some recently edited Sahidic homilies attributed to St. Athanasius of Alexandria (ca. 296/298-2 May 373), together with many Coptic literary works to shed more light on angels and their role in Coptic tradition.</strong>
https://shedet.journals.ekb.eg/article_88281_62ab7a7903064aba18aa3bb60eb816e2.pdf
Fayoum University; Faculty of Archaeology
Shedet
2356-8704
6
6
2019
12
01
The Ottoman architecture in Greece then and now: Quantitative approach
93
115
88282
10.21608/shedet.006.06
EN
Ahmed
Ameen
Islamic Archaeology Dep., Faculty of Archaeology – Fayoum University
0000-0002-1898-2781
Journal Article
2020
05
10
<strong>Usually, of most studies on the Ottoman architecture in the Balkans are done by comparing between the numbers of buildings then and now. This paper discusses such method with regard to its comparative advantage and maximising its use in understanding Ottoman architecture. With Greece as a case study, the present paper identifies change in the quantity of Ottoman buildings considering the archetypal, functional, chronological, and geographical evidence, in the changing context of the nature of the Ottoman rule over centuries.<br />The scholar provides new statistics presenting the numbers of Ottoman buildings in Greece over centuries, with special reference to three periods: the second half of the 17th century (time of EvliyâÇelebi), the late period of the Ottoman rule in Greece (based on Iyverdi’s statistics, the Ottoman slanames, and Kamûs-ülÂ'lâm of Şemseddin), and the existing architectural heritage in light of the recent publications and fieldworks’ results.</strong><br /> <strong><br />Through statistical methods, this research identifies quantitative change of several types of buildings, proper to each region or in Greece as a whole.It observes the growth or decay of the pace of construction on the basis of three main factors: type of building, period, and region. The most significant results come from the comparison between the numbers of the Ottoman buildings in Greece dating to Evliyâ’s time at the end of the 17th century and the last decades of the Ottoman rule.<br />The statistic table and the two charts with function and region indexes clarify to what extent the change in the number of buildings according to their function and region summarises the different phases of the Ottoman rule and the nature of each phase. The paper shows that the change in the numbers of buildings according to their function summarizes the alteration in nature of the Ottoman policy over the centuries, and the numbers of extant buildings strongly relate to the history and site of the corresponding regions. The paper clarifies that the reasons beyond the demolition of ottoman buildings in Greece include both human and natural factors, and concludes with a recommendation of preserving and reuse of extant ottoman structures.</strong>
https://shedet.journals.ekb.eg/article_88282_d2a851ef7f27c5768b55b1da02883b4f.pdf
Fayoum University; Faculty of Archaeology
Shedet
2356-8704
6
6
2019
12
01
A new vision about hands' drawing in the Arab painting
116
133
88285
10.21608/shedet.006.07
EN
Ahmad
AL-SHOKY
Journal Article
2020
05
10
<strong>The Arab Painting School is one of the most important artistic of Islamic painting. Therefore, there have been a lot of studies about its representatives in term of classification of their images, their artistic characteristic and methods. However, none of these studies clearly indicates the different patterns of painting hands in this school, some of which were carried out in a number of scenarios in a manner contrary to logic, which is reflected in many of the paintings, and the remarkable thing here is that this difference may be drawn in the hands of one person only while drawing the rest of the hands of the characters in the same visualization in a correct and logical manner. All of that confirms the painter’s knowledge of the correct technique of hands drawing, and it is also likely that there is a certain reason behind the drawing of the hand of this person in a different way to reality. This study traces and includes these models to discover the nature of this method, and to explain the reasons which propelled the painters of the Arab Painting School to implement it in their various images.</strong>
https://shedet.journals.ekb.eg/article_88285_d5d62bd3c7a6434ff2c709166a46378b.pdf
Fayoum University; Faculty of Archaeology
Shedet
2356-8704
6
6
2019
12
01
The ming court as patron of the Chinese islamic architecture: The case study of the daxuexi mosque in Xi'an
134
158
88287
10.21608/shedet.006.08
EN
Hamada M.
HAGRAS
0000-0003-1104-5514
Journal Article
2020
05
10
<strong>The Daxuexi Alley Mosque in Xi'an was rebuilt during the Yongle reign (1402-1424). The JiajingStela was erected in 1523 A.D. to record the architectural works that performed for the mosque through the ages the reconstruction of the mosque which dominated by Admiral Zheng He, who was an influential eunuch of the Ming court during the first half of the 15th century. The inscription itself was composed by another important Chinese Muslim, Hassan. The Jiajing Stele is an important document for the research of the architecture arts and history of Chinese Muslims. The author’s ongoing research project attempts to examine the architecture of the Mosque during the Ming period (1368-1644). As this field of historical study lacks effective extual sources, this study uses epigraphic sources to examine historical events within the text and explain its historical value.<br /></strong>
https://shedet.journals.ekb.eg/article_88287_169522fc21c1730281e6f66849066ac4.pdf
Fayoum University; Faculty of Archaeology
Shedet
2356-8704
6
6
2019
12
01
Two glass bottles "case bottle" from mughal era at tareq rajab museum, Kuwait "study and first published"
159
188
88292
10.21608/shedet.006.09
EN
Sameh
EL-BANNA
Archaeology Dep., Faculty of Arts, Assiut University, Egypt,
Journal Article
2020
05
10
<strong>This paper aims to study and publish two glass bottles known as the ‘case bottle’ from the Indian Mughal era (932-1237 H /1526-1858) to identify the name of this type, their use, the techniques and place of production. Both are part of the collection of Tareq Rajab Museum in Kuwait. The study also addresses the artistic features of the scenes and the decorative elements on the two bottles. It highlights the similarities and differences between the two bottles and other bottles from the same type, which are published or kept in public museums and private collections.<br />The paper addresses the subject through an introduction and five sections: Section 1: A descriptive study of the two bottles. Section 2: A study of the name and uses of the two bottles. Section 3: The production technique and the production centre for the two bottles. Section 4: Content analysis of the artistic features of the scenes and decorative elements on the two bottles. Section 5: A comparative study between the two bottles and other bottles from the same type that are published/ kept in other public museums and private collections. The study ends up with a conclusion detailing the results and an appendix of figures and plates.</strong>
https://shedet.journals.ekb.eg/article_88292_f25a2b1b4f5309cef47605e5b487cbc0.pdf
Fayoum University; Faculty of Archaeology
Shedet
2356-8704
6
6
2019
12
01
Modification of EAPC-XYL by pseudomonas lipases bacteria to remove acrylic from the mural oil paintings
189
202
88293
10.21608/shedet.006.10
EN
Abeer F.
ELHAGRASSY
Journal Article
2020
05
10
<strong>This paper focuses on the removal of acrylic polymer layers from the surfaces of mural paintings, as one of the serious problems faced by conservators. Nanostructured fluids containing water is a great solution for the immiscible or partially miscible polymer with water. The de-wetting of the polymer layer is usually an essential step to achieve efficient removal. EAPC-XYL system was often used for the removal of paraloid B72 but unfortunately, it has an effect on the noble patina of the pigments. The addition of Pseudomonas stutzeri as a source of lipase enzyme increases the efficiency of the EAPC-XYL in short time which helps in removing of the acrylic polymers without affecting the pigments.<br />The examination by SEM showed that the applying EAPC-XYL/ Pseudomonas stutzeri for only one hour has the effect of removing the polymer’s layers from the mural paintings without affecting the pigments. The FTIR analysis after application showed that the functional groups of the binding medium of the mural paintings is absence of paraloid B72.</strong>
https://shedet.journals.ekb.eg/article_88293_98cd5385e02e5b232167b1b47fb7ffe1.pdf
Fayoum University; Faculty of Archaeology
Shedet
2356-8704
6
6
2019
12
01
Detection of proteins as organic additive in flooring mortars used in excavated remains from Anba Shenoute Monastery, Sohag, Egypt
203
211
88295
10.21608/shedet.006.11
EN
Amr
Osman
Department of Conservation, Faculty of Archaeology, Sohag University, Egypt
Journal Article
2020
05
10
<strong>Detecting organic additives in ancient mortars is significant to be carried out as far as mineralogical, chemical, and physical investigations. That characterisation allows understanding the technology of those mortars and is important to make appropriate decisions in conservation works. Previous characterisations of organic additives in mortars, including jointing and flooring ones used in the Red Monastery located next to AnbaShenoute monastery, have shown the presence of proteins in flooring mortars specifically. This study aims to confirm the addition of protein-based materials in flooring mortars in AnbaShenoute Monastery which almost dated back to the same period (4th-6th century AD). Samples were taken from different flooring mortars and underwent wet chemical analysis, using Comassie Brilliant blue test. Results confirm the addition of proteinaceous additives, raising the probability of intended use for enhancing properties of flooring mortars.</strong>
https://shedet.journals.ekb.eg/article_88295_29d2c58c1b2c61f73aa736e3677e8c57.pdf
Fayoum University; Faculty of Archaeology
Shedet
2356-8704
6
6
2019
12
01
Lime mortar and plaster from the house XVII-XVIII, UMM El-Jimal, Jordan: Archaeometric analysis
212
224
88297
10.21608/shedet.006.12
EN
Khaled
AL-BASHAIREH
Department of Archaeology, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
Journal Article
2020
05
10
<strong>This research studies cement materials of mortar and plaster mostly of Byzantine age from the House XVII-XVIII located in the southeast of Umm el-Jimal archaeological site (east Jordan). A set of physical, chemical, mineralogical and petrographic analyses were performed to characterize the materials aiming at defining their production technology adopted by the Umm el-Jimal’s ancient craftsmen. The results show that Umm el-Jimal building technique relied on the manufacture of lime-based cement materials of hydraulic properties acquired by the addition of natural scoria and recycled pottery fragments. The high amount of charcoal added to a group of three samples colored them grey; while the use of straws, bones and considerable amount of scoria and ceramic in the rest of samples did not affect their lime white-beige color. The grain size distribution of the two groups does not show substantial difference compared to the binder: aggregate ratios. The addition of fibers, scoria and ceramics most likely produced porous lightweight white cement material.</strong>
https://shedet.journals.ekb.eg/article_88297_1d24903b8c13eebf4a1bf22526d9be70.pdf
Fayoum University; Faculty of Archaeology
Shedet
2356-8704
6
6
2019
12
01
The deterioration resulting from burial environment on archaeological glass: Comparative study
225
237
88298
10.21608/shedet.006.13
EN
Rasha T.
HAMAD
0000-0002-7471-807x
Journal Article
2020
05
10
<strong>The aim of this research is to study the deterioration resulting from burial context on archaeological glass. Investigations were performed on a series of Islamic glass fragments coming from different excavation sites (Deir El-Ghannam and Deir El-Banat) in Fayoum which was a major manufacturing place for archaeological glass during Islamic periods. The mineralogical and elemental compositions of glass fragments and soil were determined by Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) methods, while glass fragments’ surfaces were examined by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and USB Digital Microscope. Deterioration aspects resulting from being buried varied among excavations in the Fayoum, according to chemical composition and soil moisture’s proportion which increase in Deir El-Ghannam and decrease in Deir El-Banat. The study shows that different kinds of salts “Chloride and Sulphate”, dirty layers, soil deposits affect the thickness and colour of glass, on top of glass corrosion layers. This study resulted in the conception of a methodology to treat the deterioration aspects.</strong>
https://shedet.journals.ekb.eg/article_88298_b3ecba1a3fb777dfb664b019c7a5398f.pdf
Fayoum University; Faculty of Archaeology
Shedet
2356-8704
6
6
2019
12
01
Conservation of a historic panel oil-painting coated with an ancient varnish layer
238
256
88299
10.21608/shedet.006.14
EN
Yosr
ELSAYED
Conservation Department, Faculty of Archaeology, Damietta University, Egypt
0000-0003-2448-6722
Journal Article
2020
05
10
<strong>The present research addresses the study and removal an ancient varnish layer covering the case study painting from private properties, after investigation and analysis, as well as treatment of the entire object. The study is divided into three phases. Phase 1, using some non-invasive techniques such as the MA-XRF, MA-FTIR, X-ray radiography IR reflectography and UV radiation imaging, in addition to SEM-EDX, to analyse the case study, to identify the case study components and the deterioration phenomena. The results revealed a limewood support, with zincite, cerussite, red ochre, yellow ochre, cobalt blue, bone black and linseed oil in the ground and paint layers. Moreover, it was identified that the object was painted by the famous Egyptian painter Mahmoud Sa'id in the early 20th century. Its surface suffers from a thick layer of ancient varnish. Phase 2, the study conducted in-vitro experiments on a simulated painted model to assess the ideal technique for varnish removal. It was proven that the gel dispersion of PVAL, borax, ethanol, and water was the most efficient formula. Phase 3, Treatment of the object included varnish removal, chemical cleaning, inpainting, and consolidation.</strong><br /> <strong> </strong>
https://shedet.journals.ekb.eg/article_88299_1acbf01439695b0478f7503b22162cda.pdf