Assessment and Analysis of defense-military fortifications of Zahidan Kuhnih city in the middle Islamic centuries (5th to 9th century AH)

Document Type : research articles

Authors

1 PhD in Archaeology, Department of Archaeology, Factualy of Art & Architected, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran

2 PhD in Archaeology, Professor, Department of Archaeology, Factualy of Art & Architected, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran.

Abstract

ABSTRACT
Passive defense in the history of Iranian architecture has been considered as one of the basic measures of the rulers in the process of building cities. This type of defense was intended to minimize damage to local forces and was considered the most effective method against enemy threats. In the present study, an attempt has been made to answer the question of how much attention has been paid to the variables of passive defense in the construction of the city, considering the awareness of the founders of Sistan (Zahidan Kuhnih) about the need to create security? In answer to this question, it is assumed that due to the proper use of passive defense variables, despite numerous uprisings and uprisings in the city, it was not seriously damaged, so historical sources say that the city was impenetrable and conquered, confirming that the fall of the city during the Timurids was not possible except with the help of the city's inhabitants. This research, which is based on the purpose of fundamental research and based on the nature of historical research, has tried to evaluate the role of effective components of this defense system by using descriptive approach and historical analysis. The data collection method is based on library research. The results show that the city of Sistan during the Islamic Middle Ages, due to the proper use of passive defense methods, did not conquer during the 4 centuries, despite the invasions, and continued to live as the seat of Sistan.

Keywords

Shedet

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 02 February 2024

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