A RARE PERSIAN PORTRAIT RUG “DATING & ANALYSIS”

Document Type : research articles

Authors

1 Department of Islamic Archaeology, Faculty of Archaeology, Fayoum University, Egypt

2 Archaeologist, Egyptian Ministry of Antiquities

Abstract

Τhis paper publishes and analyzes a Persian portrait rug. This rug is preserved in Store of Islamic Antiquities, Fayoum, Egypt, and register number 288. The problem of the study is that the carpet does not have a date. Therefore, the study depends on the analytical method in studying the writings and decorations and also studying the industrial technique of this rug to date it. This rug is from the second half of 19th century during the era of Nasser Al-Din Shah. The name written down on the rug reads “ĀrajIbnFīrwn" the son of Ādhārbāydjān ruler. Probably, the title ShahīnShah in the ‘Āraj portrait honoring himself inside the court of Ādhārbāydjān ruler or that the title is specific to Naṣir al-din Shaha contemporary to this Prince.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

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  3. Ehabe (Mahmoud), Al-musaūr al-Qajarī abū al-hasan Khan II Ghaʿfarī "ṣanīʿ aL-Mulak" wa aʿmalah al-fanīa (in Arabic= Qajarī painter , Abu al-Hassan Khan II Ghefari " Sanie Almulk "and his artistic works–an archaeological & artistic study "1228 – 1812A.H /1282 – 1866 A.D"),  Ph.D. Faculty of Archaeology, Cairo University, 2014.
  4. Ehabe Mahmoud, saūar al-salaṭīn wa al-aūmaraʾ wa rāgal al-daūla fi al-madrasa al-Qajarī dīrasa atharīa fanīa (in Arabic= Portraits of sultans, princes and Officials in Qagārī school – an archaeological & artistic study), Thesis, Faculty of archaeology. Cairo University, 2011.
  5. Formenton (Fabio), Oriental rugs and carpets, Hamlyn, 1 st ed, London, 1974.
  6. Hawley (Walter), Oriental Rugs “antique and modern”, New York, 1970.
  7. Iman (Yassin), al-taʾthīrat al- ūrūbīa aʿla al-funūn al-islamīa al-iranīa khlal al-aʿsr al-Qajarī 1193 - 1343 AH / 1779 - 1925 AD(in Arabic= European influences on Iranian Islamic arts during Qajarī era “1193 – 1343 A.H/1779 – 1925A.D’), Thesis, Faculty of Archaeology, Cairo, 2008.
  8. Isabel (Miller), Some Iranian and Afghan Portraits in the Public Record Office, Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, Vol. 8(1998).
  9. Islamic Republic of Iran Iranian Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Organization “ICHHTO”, Nomination of Golestan Palace For Inscription on the world heritage list, Executive Summary, World Heritage Convention Tehran, 2012.
  10. Jennifer (Scarce), Entertainments East and West: Three Encounters between Iranians and Europeans during the Qajar Period (1786-1925), Iranian Studies, Vol.40 (2007).
  11. Lane (pool), Catalogue of Persian Coins in the Br.M.Londres, Londone, 1887.
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  15. Mahdi (Klgan), rihalat Nasir al-din shah al-Qajarī āla bīlad al- āfrang dirasa moQarna (in Arabic= Travels of Naser Al-Din Shah Qajarī to European countries, comparative study(, Thaqafatna for studies & researches,Cairo, vol.26, 2010.
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  17. Mohamed (Abdel-Salam), al-sajad al-maghūlī al-hindī fi tūʾ al-tuhaf al-taḍbīgia wa saūar al-makhṭūtat(in Arabic= Mughal Indian carpet on the light of Applied masterpieces and manuscripts miniatures - An archaeological & artistic comparative study), Thesis, Faculty of Arts, Helwan University. 2013.  
  18. Rabia (Khalifa), Fan a-lsaūar al-Shakhsāa fi madrasāt al-ṭasūir al- ūthmanī (in Arabic= Art of portrait in Ottoman school painting), 1 st ed, Zahraa Al Sharq, Cairo, 2003.
  19. Rehab (Mohammed),  Al-tūhaf al-iranīa al-mūzakhrafa bī al-laqa fi tūʾ majmūʿat mathaf rāṭa abasī biṭahran (in Arabic= Iranian masterpieces decorated in Laky " lacquered " on light of a new collection in Museum of Rida Abbas in Tehran – a comparative artistic study), Ph.D., Faculty of Archaeology, Cairo University, 2013.
  20. Rinhart (Dozy), a-lmuaʿgam al-mufasal bāasmaʾ al-malabis aʿnd al-arab (in Arabic= detailed glossary of names clothing when Arabs), Translated Akram Fadail , dar Al-Horia , Begdad, 1971.
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  22. Robinson, Qajar Lacquer,  Muqarnas, Vol. 6(1989).
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  24. Somia (Ibrahym), al-Madrassa al-Qagārī fi al-ṭaswīr al-ĀslamĪ drasa ĀtharĪa fanĪa (in Arabic= Qagārī school of Islamic Painting – An archaeological & artistic study, Thesis, Faculty of archaeology, Cairo University, 1977.
  25. Walker (Daniels), Oriental Rugs of the Hajji babas, New York, 1983.
  26. Zaki (Hassan), al-funūn al-iranīa fi al-aʿsr al-islamīa (in Arabic= Iranian Arts in Islamic era), Dar Elkoto Al-Masria, Cairo, 1940.
2.      Abbas (Iqbal), Tarīkh iran baʿd al-Āslamīmīn bidāyt aldaūla al-ṭahīrāia hatā nahāiat al-daūla al-Qajaraī (in Arabic= History of Iran after Islam since the beginning of Tahiria state till the end of Qagārī dynasty "205 A.H /820 A.H – 1343 A.D /1925 A.D"), Translated by Mohamed Alaa Al-din Mansour, Revised by Al-Sābaī Mohamed Al- Sābaī, Dar al-Thaqafa Print house , Cairo, 1990.

1.      Abu al-Hamad (Farghali), al-funūn al- zukhrūfāia fi aʿsr al- ṣafawīn bī Iran (in Arabic= Islamic decorative arts in Ṣafavīd era in Iran), 1st ed, Madbūli print house, Cairo, 2003.Abbas (Amanat), The Kayanid Crown and Qajar Reclaiming of Royal Authority, Iranian Studies34 (2001).

2.      Abbas (Iqbal),Tarīkh iran baʿd al-Āslamīmīn bidāyt aldaūla al-ṭahīrāia hatā nahāiat al-daūla al-Qajaraī (in Arabic= History of Iran after Islam since the beginning of Tahiria state till the end of Qagārī dynasty "205 A.H /820 A.H – 1343 A.D /1925 A.D"), Translated by Mohamed Alaa Al-din Mansour, Revised by Al-SābaīMohamed Al- Sābaī, Dar al-Thaqafa Print house , Cairo, 1990.

3.      Ali (Behdad), The Power-ful Art of QajarPhotography, Orientalism and (Self)-Orientalizing in Nineteenth-Century Iran, Iranian Studies, Vol. 34 (2001).

4.      Ehabe (Mahmoud), Al-musaūr al-Qajarī abū al-hasan Khan II Ghaʿfarī "ṣanīʿ aL-Mulak" wa aʿmalah al-fanīa (in Arabic= Qajarī painter , Abu al-Hassan Khan II Ghefari " Sanie Almulk "and his artistic works–an archaeological & artistic study "1228 – 1812A.H /1282 – 1866 A.D"),  Ph.D. Faculty of Archaeology, Cairo University, 2014.

5.      Ehabe Mahmoud, saūar al-salaṭīn wa al-aūmaraʾ wa rāgal al-daūla fi al-madrasa al-Qajarī dīrasa atharīa fanīa (in Arabic= Portraits of sultans, princes and Officials in Qagārī school – an archaeological & artistic study), Thesis, Faculty of archaeology. Cairo University, 2011.

6.      Formenton (Fabio), Oriental rugs and carpets, Hamlyn, 1st ed, London, 1974.

7.      Hawley (Walter), OrientalRugs “antique and modern”, New York, 1970.

8.      Iman (Yassin), al-taʾthīrat al-ūrūbīa aʿla al-funūn al-islamīa al-iranīa khlal al-aʿsr al-Qajarī 1193 - 1343 AH / 1779 - 1925 AD(in Arabic= European influences on Iranian Islamic arts during Qajarī era “1193 – 1343 A.H/1779 – 1925A.D’), Thesis, Faculty of Archaeology, Cairo, 2008.

9.      Isabel (Miller), Some Iranian and Afghan Portraits in the Public Record Office, Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, Vol. 8(1998).

10.  Islamic Republic of IranIranian Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Organization “ICHHTO”, Nomination ofGolestan PalaceFor Inscription on the world heritage list, Executive Summary, World Heritage Convention Tehran, 2012.

11.  Jennifer (Scarce), Entertainments East and West: Three Encounters between Iranians and Europeans during the QajarPeriod (1786-1925), Iranian Studies, Vol.40 (2007).

12.  Lane (pool), Catalogue of Persian Coins in the Br.M.Londres, Londone, 1887.

13.  Latifeh Hagigi, QajarRoyal Succeesion, The case of Muzaffar Al-din Mirza, PhD, faculty of The University of Utah, 2012, p.76.

14.  Layla (Diba), AMonumental Battle Painting of the Perso-Russian Wars, ArtibusAsiae 66 (2006).

15.  Leonard (Helfgott), Carpet Collecting in Iran,1873-1883,Robert Murdoch Smith and the Formation of the Modern Persian Carpet industry, Muqarnas2(1999), p.175.

16.  Mahdi (Klgan), rihalat Nasir al-din shah al-Qajarī āla bīlad al- āfrang dirasa moQarna (in Arabic= Travels of Naser Al-Din Shah Qajarī to European countries, comparative study(, Thaqafatna for studies & researches,Cairo, vol.26, 2010.

17.  MahshId (Modares),QagārPainting in The second half of the nineteenth century and Realism, Thesis, The faculty of The Department of art and humanities, San Jose State University, 2006, p.33.

18.  Mohamed (Abdel-Salam), al-sajad al-maghūlī al-hindī fi tūʾ al-tuhaf al-taḍbīgia wa saūar al-makhṭūtat(in Arabic= Mughal Indian carpet on the light of Applied masterpieces and manuscripts miniatures - An archaeological & artistic comparative study), Thesis, Faculty of Arts, Helwan University. 2013.  

19.  Rabia (Khalifa), Fan a-lsaūar al-Shakhsāa fi madrasāt al-ṭasūir al- ūthmanī (in Arabic= Art of portrait in Ottoman school painting), 1st ed, Zahraa Al Sharq, Cairo, 2003.

20.  Rehab (Mohammed),  Al-tūhaf al-iranīa al-mūzakhrafa bī al-laqa fi tūʾ majmūʿat mathaf rāṭa abasī biṭahran (in Arabic= Iranian masterpieces decorated in Laky " lacquered " on light of a new collection in Museum of Rida Abbas in Tehran – a comparative artistic study), Ph.D., Faculty of Archaeology, Cairo University, 2013.

21.  Rinhart (Dozy), a-lmuaʿgam al-mufasal bāasmaʾ al-malabis aʿnd al-arab (in Arabic= detailed glossary of names clothing when Arabs), Translated Akram Fadail , dar Al-Horia , Begdad, 1971.

22.  Robinson , A Royal QajarEnamel, Iran, Vol. 10 (1972).

23.  Robinson, Qajar Lacquer,  Muqarnas, Vol. 6(1989).

24.  Salah (Al-Sharif), sajad al-sharq (in Arabic= carpet of East), Publications of Ministry of Culture in the Republic of Syria, Damascus, 1966.

25.  Somia (Ibrahym), al-Madrassa al-Qagārīfi al-ṭaswīr al-ĀslamĪ drasa ĀtharĪa fanĪa (in Arabic= Qagārī school of Islamic Painting – An archaeological & artistic study, Thesis, Faculty of archaeology, Cairo University, 1977.

26.  Walker (Daniels), Oriental Rugs of the Hajji babas, New York, 1983.

27.  Zaki (Hassan), al-funūn al-iranīa fi al-aʿsr al-islamīa (in Arabic= Iranian Arts in Islamic era), Dar Elkoto Al-Masria, Cairo, 1940.

 

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